Linear Programming ¬O20¥@¬ö¤¤¸³Ì«nªº¬ì¾Ç¶i¨B¤§¤@¡CLP ³B²zªº¨å«¬°ÝÃD¬O±N¦³ªº¸ê·½(limited resource)¥H³Ì¨Îªº(optimal)¤èªk¡A¤À°t¦Ü¬ÛÄvª§ªº¬¡°Ê(competing activities)¤¤¡C
¤u¼t |
²£«~1 |
²£«~2 |
¨C¶g¥i¥Î®É¶¡ |
1 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
12 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
18 |
³æ¦ì§Q¼í |
$3 |
$5 |
|
Maximize
Z = 3 X1 + 5 X2
s.t.
X1
|
|
<=4 |
|
2
X2 |
<=12 |
3
X1+ |
2
X2 |
<=18 |
X1
>=0 |
X2
>=0 |
|
X2
³N»y
¥i¦æ¸Ñ (feasible solution)¡G¦p (2,3), (4,1)
«D¥i¦æ¸Ñ (infeasible solution)¡G¦p (6,0), (4,6)
¥i¦æ°ì (feasible region)¡G collection of all feasible
solutions
¨¤ÂI¥i¦æ¸Ñ (corner-point feasible
solution)¡G¦p (0,0) , (4,0) , (4,3), (2,6), (0,6)
¬Û¾Fªº¨¤ÂI¥i¦æ¸Ñ¡G¦p (2,6) »P (0,6)¡A(4,0)»P(4,3)
³ÌÀu¸Ñ (optimal solution)¡G¦p (2,6)
¥i¯à¥u¦³¤@Ó³ÌÀu¸Ñ¡B¤£¥u¤@Ó³ÌÀu¸Ñ¡BµL³ÌÀu¸Ñ
°ò¥»¯S¼x
1. ¥Ø¼Ð¨ç¼Æ¥²»Ý¬°½u©Ê (The Objective Function (O.F.) is linear)
2. ¨î¦¡¡]¤£½×¬Oµ¥¦¡ or ¤£µ¥¦¡¡^¥²»Ý¬°½u©Ê (The constraints are linear (equality and/or inequality))
3. ©Ò¦³°Ñ¼Æ§¡¬° «Dt¤§¹ê¼Æ (The variables are nonnegative variables)
4. ¼Ð·Ç¼Ò¦¡¦p¤U©Ò¥Ü¡G
³Ì¨Î¤Æ ¡]Optimize: MAX or MIN¡^
Z = C1 X1 + C2 X2 + ... + Cn Xn
¨î¦b ¡]Subject to¡A s.t.¡^
A11 X1 + A12 X2 + .... + A1n Xn < B1
A21 X1 + A22 X2 + .... + A2n Xn < B2
...
Am1 X1 + Am2 X2 + .... + Amn Xn < Bm
¥B X1, X2,.... Xn ¡Ù 0,
¨ä¤¤
m ¡Ù n or m < n,
m : number of constraints, n : number of unknowns
pºâªº½ÆÂø«×¤@¯ë¥i±Ä ¢Tn ¬°«ü¼Ð
Table 3.3 (p.33)
Resource |
Resource usage per unit of
acitivity |
Amount
of resource available |
|||
1 |
2 |
¡K¡K.. |
n |
||
1 |
a11 |
a12 |
¡K¡K. |
a1n |
b1 |
2 |
a21 |
a22 |
¡K¡K. |
a2n |
b2 |
|
¡K¡K. |
¡K¡K. |
¡K¡K. |
¡K¡K. |
¡K¡K.. |
m |
am1 |
am2 |
¡K¡K. |
amn |
bm |
Contribution
to Z per unit of activity |
C1 |
C2 |
¡K¡K. |
Cn |
|
¤ñ¨Ò©Ê (Proportionality) |
O.F.¤¤ªºCkXk, ¨î¦¡¤¤ªº AikXk¡A§¡»P²ÄkºØ¬¡°Ê³æ¿W±q¨Æªº¤ô·Ç¦¨¥¿¤ñ¡C |
¥i¥[©Ê (Additivity) |
¦UºØ¬¡°Ê¤§¶¡©¼¦¹¨S¦³¥æ¤e¼vÅT¡A¦b(X1, X2, ¡K., Xn)¤§¤U¡A¨C¤@¸ê·½ªºÁ`¥Î¶q©M®ÄªGÁ`¶q¡A¦Uµ¥©ó¨C¤@¬¡°Ê³æ¿W±q¨Æ®Éªº¸ê·½¥Î¶q©M®ÄªG¶qªºÁ`¦X¡C |
¥i¤À©Ê (Divisibility) |
¦U¬¡°Êªº¤ô·Ç¥iÀH·N¤À³Î¡A¨Ï±o¨Mµ¦ÅܼÆÈ¥i¥H¬O«D¾ã¼Æ¡C |
½T©w©Ê (Certainty) |
©Ò¦³°Ñ¼ÆÈ (¥]¬AO.F.»P¨î¦¡¤¤ªº«Y¼Æ»P«áªÌªºrhs)³£¬O¤wª¾¼Æ¡C |
©ñ®g½uªvÀø p.45
«n¤èªÀ°ÏÁp·ù (S.C.K) p.48
ªÅ®ð¦Ã¬VºÞ¨î p.50
©TºA¼o±óª«¦^¦¬ p.53
±Æµ{ p.57
°t°e p.60
½Ð¦Û¦æ¬ãŪ±Ð¬ì®Ñ¤§¤º®e